Cellulose-based nanoparticles obtained from plants, algae, bacteria and marine animals and their low density, high aspect ratio, high mechanical properties make them attractive for reinforcement in polymers and polymer matrix composites. Moreover, the major use of cellulose nanomaterials (CN) is in biomedical applications owing to their low toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Our research focuses on using CN to reinforce conventional, composites and polymers used in biomedical application.